Feedstock Study — NEOM / OXAGON

NEOM's peak construction phase (2024–2030) generates C&D waste at an unprecedented scale from The Line, OXAGON, SINDALAH, and TROJENA. C&D fluff is 220 TPD — the primary stream. The facility is designed for peak construction surge (1.6× at P90). Samsung C&T's SAR 1.3B robotics JV targets 40% waste reduction at source — ACM processes the remaining 60%. NEOM Company (PIF Direct) is both the CSA counterparty and the primary beneficiary of circular construction outputs.

Construction Surge Design Basis

CONSTRUCTION SURGE — Facility designed for peak phase, not steady state

Peak NEOM construction generates C&D waste at a rate that will not recur once the giga-projects complete. A facility designed for steady-state operational waste underutilises the construction phase window and misses the primary revenue opportunity. Design basis: P90 construction peak (2025–2030), transitioning to operational MSW/WRP profile as NEOM reaches population.

Baseline TPD 500

Surge TPD (P90) 800

Surge factor 1.6×

Primary surge driver Construction Peak

Stream Volume Table All ESTIMATED

Stream	TPD	Annual (tpy)	Originator	Access	Phase	Primary ACM Output
C&D Fluff	220	77,000	NEOM giga-project contractors	IMMEDIATE	Initial	Mineral Aggregate RC1 · Carbon RC2 — PRIMARY
Construction Waste Mixed	100	35,000	The Line / OXAGON / SINDALAH / TROJENA	IMMEDIATE	Initial	Carbon Black RC2, Aromatics RC3
Wastewater Sludge	60	21,000	NEOM WRPs (Water Reuse Plants) — zero-waste mandate	CONDITIONAL	Initial	Pozzolanic SCM RC2 — circular construction input
Workforce Camp MSW	50	17,500	400,000+ construction workforce	IMMEDIATE	Initial	Carbon Black RC2, Graphite RC3
End-of-Life Tires	30	10,500	Construction vehicle fleet	IMMEDIATE	Initial	Carbon Black RC2–RC3, Aromatics RC3
ASR	20	7,000	Construction equipment end-of-life	IMMEDIATE	Initial	Carbon Fiber Precursor RC4
Commercial Waste	20	7,000	OXAGON industrial tenants	IMMEDIATE	Initial	Carbon Black RC2, Aromatics RC3
Total Addressable	500	175,000	ESTIMATED
Phase Initial	300	105,000	LOCKED

C&D Fluff — Primary Stream

220 TPD — Construction Waste Drives NEOM ACM Economics

NEOM giga-project construction generates millions of tonnes of C&D waste annually. The light fraction — polymer insulation, composite materials, non-structural C&D fluff — is the primary ACM feedstock. This waste has no incumbent processor in the NEOM Special Zone. NEOM's remote location means disposal logistics are extremely costly — SAR 320/ton ESTIMATED FWDC (highest in national program).

ACM outputs from C&D fluff: Mineral Aggregate RC1 (circular construction input for NEOM contractors), Carbon Black RC2 (construction materials), Carbon RC2 (energy recovery). OXAGON construction mandate creates immediate demand for circular construction materials from this stream.

Samsung C&T JV — Complementary Relationship

Samsung C&T SAR 1.3B Robotics JV (Dec 2024) — Targets 40% Waste Reduction at Source

Samsung C&T's Riyadh JV (December 2024) applies robotic construction techniques to reduce C&D waste generation by 40% at source. This is complementary to ACM — the 40% reduction applies to waste generation, not to processing of waste that is generated.

ACM processes the remaining 60% (and the 40% reduction fraction where material quality does not permit direct reuse). The Samsung C&T JV and ACM are not competing — they address different points in the waste chain.

Critical Minerals Note

No Ash REE at NEOM Phase Initial — No WtE or Petcoke Streams

NEOM has no WtE facility and no petcoke/industrial combustion at Phase Initial. REE suite and V₂O₅ are absent. Primary outputs are Carbon Black, Graphite, Carbon Fiber Precursor (from ASR/C&D), Pozzolanic SCM (from WRP sludge), and Mineral Aggregate. Carbon Fiber Precursor (RC4) is the highest unit-value output from this stream mix — OXAGON is the primary buyer.

Infrastructure Map

Map initialising — requires Google Maps API key

Sources: SIRC.sa · RCJY.gov.sa · Marafiq.com.sa · MWAN.gov.sa · Verification: May 2026